Category: Transylvania

The medieval citadel of Sighișoara is an inhabited citadel located in the historical region of Transylvania. To be more precise, it’s located almost in the center of Romania. Sighisoara is a must-visit destination for travelers seeking a unique and enchanting experience. This charming town offers a journey back in medieval times, where every corner is steeped in history and every building tells a story.

Sighisoara was founded in the 12th century when German settlers, known as Saxons, came to this region. The city was built on a hill and it was surrounded by a fortification wall with many towers to protect the inhabitants from various dangers.

The inhabited medieval citadel is a popular tourist attraction in the region. Tourists from all over the world visit this place.

Let me take you through my experience exploring this charming and historical gem.

Table on content:

• The Clock Tower (Turnul Cu Ceas)
• Vlad the Impaler’s birthplace (Casa Dracula)
• The Monastery’s Church (Biserica Manastirii)
• Sighisoara Town Hall
• St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic Church
• Georgius Krauss Guest House
• The Shoemaker’s Tower (Turnul Cizmarilor)
• Colorful houses in the medieval citadel
• Tailors’ Tower (Turnul Croitorilor)
• The Citadel Square (Piata Cetatii)
• Towards the upper part of the medieval citadel
• The Scholar Stairway
• Joseph Haltrich High School
• Church on the Hill (Biserica din Deal)
• The Ropemakers’ Tower (Turnul Franghierilor)
• The old Lutheran cemetery
• Umbrella Street in Sighisoara
• What to visit near Sighisoara?

The Clock Tower (Turnul Cu Ceas)

The Clock Tower is the landmark of the city. Inside you will find a museum where you can see many interesting items from the medieval era. Also, up in the tower, you can see the clock mechanism as well. On the top floor, you will find an open balcony from where you can admire the entire medieval citadel and the rest of the city of Sighisoara. Right under the Clock Tower, you will find the torture chamber.

Below, you will find the visiting hours of the museum:

Summer Schedule: May 15 – September 15

Monday – Closed
Tuesday to Friday – 09:00 AM – 5:30 PM
Saturday to Sunday – 10:00 AM – 5:30 PM

Winter Schedule: September 16 – May 14

Monday – Closed
Tuesday to Friday – 09:00 AM – 3:30 PM
Saturday to Sunday – 10:00 AM – 3:30 PM

The ticket price is 12 lei for adults and 4 lei for children.

Vlad the Impaler’s birthplace (Casa Dracula)

According to the legends, the building painted in yellow was the birthplace of Vlad the Impaler aka Dracula. Today inside this building you will find a nice restaurant.

The Monastery’s Church (Biserica Manastirii)

This large Gothic church in the past was part of an old monastery destroyed in the 19th century. If you would like to visit it, then you will find it very easily because it’s located to the right side of the Clock Tower.

Sighisoara Town Hall

If you are walking from the Clock Tower towards the Roman Catholic Church on Piata Muzeului street, then after the Monastery’s Church the next big building is the Town Hall.

St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic Church

The St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic Church can be found on the northeastern side of the medieval citadel, close to Shoemaker’s Tower. This church was built between 1894 and 1896 by the Hungarians.

Georgius Krauss Guest House

Next to the Roman Catholic Church there you will find the Georgius Krauss guest house. This beautiful house was built in the 16th century and there the notary Gregorius Krauss lived. If you looking for an accommodation in the inhabited medieval citadel than this could be one option.

The Shoemaker’s Tower (Turnul Cizmarilor)

The Shoemaker’s Tower is located very close to the Roman Catholic Church.

Colorful houses in the medieval citadel

The cheerful hues range from warm yellows and soft pinks to rich blues and greens, creating a visually stunning panorama against the backdrop of the medieval architecture. The vibrant atmosphere of Sighisoara’s colorful houses is further accentuated by the lively street markets, artisan shops, and cozy cafes that line the winding streets. It’s a place where the past seamlessly blends with the present, offering a unique and immersive experience for those who are fortunate enough to explore its enchanting streets.

Tailors’ Tower (Turnul Croitorilor)

The Tailor’s Tower is the second entrance into the medieval citadel. This is the only road on which the cars can enter or leave the citadel. Keep in mind that only the locals who are living in the citadel are allowed to drive up in the citadel. This tower is renowned for its imposing massiveness and elegant simplicity. If you are going under the tower then you will have the chance to see the ancient railings that slides vertically.

The Citadel Square (Piata Cetatii)

The square is an excellent place to savor local delicacies, shop for souvenirs, and soak in the lively atmosphere that characterizes this enchanting town. Surrounded by cobblestone streets and surrounded by well-preserved medieval architecture, the Citadel Square is a captivating blend of old-world charm and a lively present, making it a must-visit destination in Sighisoara.

If you are planning to stay here for a few nights, you will find many comfortable places to stay. There are plenty of accommodations available to suit your needs, whether you want a cozy hotel, a budget-friendly option, or a more luxurious stay. Below, I’ve shared a couple of them that I found near Citadel Square during my visit to the citadel:

• The Stag House
• Burg Hostel
• Hotel Casa Wagner

Towards the upper part of the medieval citadel

If you would like to visit the upper part of the citadel, one option is the walk on School Street (Strada Scolii) to the Scholars’ Stairs which is a covered wooden stairway connecting the lower part of the citadel with the upper part. The second option to reach the upper part of the citadel is the continue to walk up on Stair Street (Strada Scarii). The street starts near the Scholars’ Stairs.

The upper part of the medieval citadel

After a not-very-long walk from Citadel Square, the remaining attractions will unfold before you.

The Scholar Stairway

Constructed in 1654 by the initiative of Mayor Johann Both, this staircase stands as both a testament to historical foresight and a practical solution for students traversing the challenging weather of heavy winters or rain to reach the school located near the Church on the Hill.

Originally comprised of 300 steps, the wooden stairway underwent a modification in 1849, reducing its count to 175 steps. The stairway, reminiscent of a tunnel, showcases a remarkable architectural marvel. As the sun’s rays delicately pierce through the wooden slats, it creates an enchanting play of light and shadow, guiding the way to the hill’s summit.

Joseph Haltrich High School

Established in 1522, this high school is among the oldest educational institutions in Transylvania. During the years, the high school underwent several renovations and extensions. The school is also know as the School on the Heal because it was built on a smaller hill.

Church on the Hill (Biserica din Deal)

The Church on the Hill in Sighisoara is a captivating testament to the town’s medieval legacy. Perched on a hill overlooking the historic center, this Lutheran church dates back to the 14th century. Ascending the stone steps to reach the church, visitors are rewarded with panoramic views of Sighisoara and its charming red-roofed houses. Today has several architectural styles, including Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque elements.

If you visit the interior of the church then you can see many valuable sculptures, wall paintings, and old frescoes.

The Ropemakers’ Tower (Turnul Franghierilor)

Currently, this tower was turned into a guard house for the old cemetery which is right behind the tower.

The old Lutheran cemetery

Next to the Church on the Hill and the Ropemakers’ Tower, you will find the old Lutheran cemetery.

Umbrella Street in Sighisoara

Perhaps after a long walk in the medieval citadel, you would like to hang out or perhaps you would like to eat or drink something. A pretty nice place is Octavian Goga Street which can be found on the foothill of the citadel.

Festivities and Events

If you’re lucky, your visit might coincide with one of Sighisoara’s many festivals. The Medieval Festival, held every summer, brings the citadel to life with knights, street performers, and traditional music. I’ve heard it’s an incredible experience that immerses you even deeper into the town’s medieval roots.

Final Thoughts

Sighisoara’s medieval citadel is a place that stays with you long after you’ve left. Its rich history, vibrant culture, and enchanting atmosphere make it a must-visit destination. Whether you’re a history buff, a lover of architecture, or simply someone who enjoys exploring charming towns, Sighisoara has something for everyone. I left feeling inspired and grateful for the chance to step back in time, even if just for a little while.

Map with the attractions in the medieval citadel

What else you can visit near Sighisoara?

The historical region of Transylvania is renowned for the old Traditional Saxon villages, medieval fortresses, and citadels, let’s not forget about the fortified churches as well. Not very far from Sighișoara, you will find the following destinations to visit. You can reach them very easily by car.

• Viscri – this Romanian village was made very popular by His Royal Highness, the Prnice of Wales. In my opinion, this village is one of the best preserved traditional Transylvanian village. I highly encourage you to check out this place.
• Rupea fortress – This fortress is not very far from the village of Viscri. So if you are in the area you can visit this place as well.
• Saschiz – I would like to add Saschiz to the list as well, if you are driving from Sighișoara towards Brasov, then at some point, you will drive through Saschiz were you will find an interesting fortified church. The church tower is almost in the middle of the village, next to the main road.
• Biertan – Here you will find an old fortified church that is included in UNESCO World Heritage Sites. From Sighisoara by car, you will reach this commune in approximately 30 minutes.
• Sibiu – Another possibility is to explore the old historical center of Sibiu. The distance from Sighisoara to Sibiu is approximately 90 km.

Located in the historical region of Transylvania, not far from the inhabited medieval citadel of Sighisoara, Viscri in another important Saxon village that must be visited. One of the primary reasons for its renown is the well-preserved Lutheran fortified church located in the heart of the village. This fortified church, built by the Saxon community, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is an architectural and historical gem that attracts visitors from around the world seeking an authentic Transylvanian experience.

Did you know that King Charles III visited this place multiple times? Through his foundation, he bought an old traditional Saxon house. Ultimately the house was transformed in a beautiful guesthouse which can be rented out to the tourists.

As a small side note, the fortified church is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Getting to Viscri

When I traveled to Viscri from Sighisoara, I made the wrong decision to make a right turn in the village of Bunesti and drive on 104L road. The road between Bunesti and Viscri although it’s the shortest route, is in a pretty bad condition. In my opinion, the best option especially if you are driving from Sighisoara, is to drive until Rupea and make there a right turn towards the village of Dacia. Once you are near Dacia you will have to make another right turn towards Viscri.

The village

Upon my arrival in Viscri, I felt like I had stepped back in time. The Saxon architecture and the cobblestone streets instantly transported me to a bygone era.

The handmade clothes is a reminder of the enduring importance of tradition and the value of artisanal skills passed down through generations. It is a testament to the resilience of small communities in preserving their unique cultural heritage. Purchasing handmade cloth from Viscri not only allows visitors to take home a piece of Transylvanian history but also supports the artisans and ensures the survival of this exceptional craft.

Since this village is visited by many tourists therefore you will see a lot cars parked near the main road. When I visited Viscri, there were a lot of cars with foreign license plate.

The Lutheran Fortified Church

The fortified church in Viscri stands as a testament to the village’s rich history, dating back to the 13th century. The formidable walls and defensive towers tell the story of a community that had to protect itself in turbulent times.

In order to visit the fortified church, you have to pay for a ticket. Don’t worry, its not expensive at all. After you’ve entered the place, I highly recommend to climb up the main tower. Once you’ve reached the top, almost the entire village is visible from up there. Lastly, don’t forget to check out the Evangelical church’s hall, it’s right next to main tower.

Within the fortified church, you will find a “little museum” with many interesting old items used by the Saxons.

Up in the church tower

As you can see, the view from church tower is breathtaking. You can easily spot the village of Viscri including the beautiful Transylvanian scenery.

Other important places to visit in the area:

If you’ve decided to explore other interesting places that are not very far from Viscri, then you must add to your list the medieval citadel of Sighisoara and the old Rupea citadel.

Another place to visit that is not far from this Transylvanian village is the old volcano and the emerald lake in the village of Racos.

The village of Biertan is another important objective located in the heart of the historical region of Transylvania. Almost in the middle of the village you will find the old medieval fortified church. Also it’s important to mention that this village it’s closely tied to the Transylvanian Saxons, a group of German people who settled in the area in the 12th century. They brought their skills and a strong sense of community with them, and this helped Biertan to grow.

The village is one of the most picturesque villages in Transylvania, proudly holding a place in UNESCO’s National Heritage, yearly it is visited by thousands of tourists from all over the world.

How to reach Biertan?

If you are driving from the small city of Medias on DN14, you will have to make a right turn in the village of Saros pe Tarnave and after that you will have to continue driving on DJ141 until you reach Biertan. From Medias to Biertan by car you will make approximately 30 minutes.

Let’s explore this Saxon village

Once you will arrive in Biertan, you can leave your car in a paid parking place located close to the fortified church while you visit the village. Besides the old medieval fortified church, you can visit the beautiful Saxon houses in the village with their unique architecture.

If you decided to make a shorter walk around the fortified church then you can easily spot the 3 different fortification walls which surrounds the entire church.

Let’s explore the fortified church

Very close to the Unglerus restaurant you will find the main entrance, don’t forget that you will have to pay for a ticket in order to visit the place. After that you can go directly to the upper part of the fortified church under the covered wooden stairway.

One of the most important things to see in Biertan, is the fortified church, which is a prime example of Transylvanian Saxon architecture. This big building was constructed in the 14th century. The fortified church is not only a place of worship but also a fortress which used to protect the villagers from dangers and attackers. The fortified church has 3 fortification walls with medieval towers and bastions which helped to increase the protection. In the center of the fortified church, built on a smaller hill, you will find the old gothic Lutheran church.

The Catholic Tower is located in the southern part of the fortifications. In the tower’s lower level, there used to be a chapel that was painted with frescoes. This chapel was used by people who didn’t want to change to the new Protestant beliefs during the Reformation.

A long time ago, In the Eastern Bastion there was a so called “prison” for married couples who don’t get along each other. The story goes that the couples where locked in the prison until they resolved their issues and get along each other.

Close to the Eastern Bastion, you will find the Mausoleum Tower where you will find the headstones of the priests who built the church.

Inside the church

The Biertan Church boasts Transylvania’s largest and most breathtaking Polyptych altarpiece. This magnificent altar comprises many panels with exquisite depictions of key moments in the lives of Jesus.

Admire the village from the fortified church

If you take a walk around the old church, you will have many opportunities to admire the old traditional houses and of course the surrounding landscape as well.

After exploring the upper part of the fortified church, it was time to head down to the lower part on a path which starts right under the Clock Tower. A part of the path was made between the fortification walls.

On my way back from the Gate Tower, the path will take you right next to the Clock Tower, so it was the perfect opportunity to capture this iconic tower.

Serving a coffee before leaving

Before leaving the village of Biertan, in order to recharge your batteries you can drink a very good coffee at Unglerus Medieval Restaurant which is right near the main entrance into the fortified church. So if are searching for a good place to drink a coffee or the eat a tasty traditional food than I highly recommend this restaurant.

What can you explore nearby?

The village of Biertan is a great starting point for exploring other important attractions around it. Nearby, you can find:

Sibiu: This city is famous for its well-preserved medieval buildings and lively cultural scene.

Sighisoara: This medieval town is where Vlad the Impaler (the inspiration for Count Dracula) was born. It’s a fascinating place with a historic citadel. The objective is actually the closest one to Biertan.

Viscri: Another village with a fortified church, Viscri is known for its rustic beauty and traditional feel. It’s also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Malancrav: In this village you can visit the Lutheran church and the Apafi manor.

The Rupea fortress is located in the heart of the historical region of Transylvania, Romania. Since it was built on a larger cliff close to the city of Rupea, it is visible from every direction and you cannot miss it if you plan to visit it. There is even a larger parking lot next to entrance where you can leave your car while you are visiting this place.

After you enter into the citadel, then you should know that this medieval citadel is actually divided into three so fortresses. The lower part where the entrance is can be found is called the Lower fortress, the middle part is called the Middle fortress and lastly, the upper part of the Rupea fortress is called the Upper fortress.

Rupea Fortress finds its roots in the 13th century and it was ultimately left deserted in 1790 following a destructive storm that wreaked havoc on the building’s roofs. During the centuries, it offered multiple times refuge and protection for the people living nearby. Today the buildings give us a peek into what life was like inside the fortress many years ago.

Getting There

Rupea is easily accessible from major Romanian cities like Brasov, Sibiu, and Cluj-Napoca. Once you arrive in Rupea, a short drive up the hill will lead you to this historical gem. It’s actually very close to E60 which is the main road coming from Brasov and going towards the medieval city of Sighisoara.

The Lower Fortress

After you entered through the main gate, the courtyard of the Lower fortress awaits you.

The Middle Fortress

While visting the Middle fortress, we decided to explore the Scouts Tower which was built in the 15th century. This building has loopholes on all the three sides of the building.

The Upper Fortress

Rupea Fortress has really big stone walls that show off how people built things in medieval times. The walls and towers are still in great shape, and they’re amazing examples of engineering. Plus, you can see the beautiful countryside from up there, including the entire city of Rupea as well. The view is breathtaking.

The road towards Rupea Fortress

Below you will see the fortress and the main road leading to it.